Post by Old Zealand Founder on Apr 16, 2021 11:14:07 GMT 8
CONSTITUTION OF OLD ZEALAND
Preamble
We, the citizens of Old Zealand, in order to protect the rights of freedoms of all, to ensure that justice is fair for all people, and to maintain these freedoms through a government elected by the people, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the Most Serene Republic of Old Zealand.
Article 1
1. The Founder of Old Zealand shall be the utmost authority on ceremonial matters, and shall have executive discretion. However, all actions done by the Founder must be approved by the Senate through a simple majority vote, and be approved by the President.
2. The President of Old Zealand shall be the utmost executive authority, and has the right to implement laws passed by the Senate. He or she shall be elected by all citizens of Old Zealand through a national election to be held every four months, and the winner shall be chosen through a simple majority. The President has the power to appoint and dismiss Secretaries of the different Departments at will.
3. The President of Old Zealand shall be assisted by a Vice President, who shall be elected through a national election every four months, at the same time as the President. The Vice President shall temporarily take over the President's duties in case of absence of any kind, and shall immediately be appointed as Interim President if the President is to resign, be impeached, or cease to exist.
4. The President and Vice President shall have a limit of two consecutive terms of office, after which they may not run for office until after the next term.
5. The President shall, upon election, have one week to form a government through the appointment of Secretaries of the different Departments and the Supreme Court Justices. He or she may also retain the Secretaries of the previous President. If he or she fails to form a government in the allotted time, then another election shall take place.
6. The President of Old Zealand shall be the Commander in Chief of the National Guard, and all Armies of the Most Serene Republic of Old Zealand, and shall have full discretion over strategic planning and defence. The President shall have the power to make treaties with other regions, to be approved by the Senate in a simple majority vote.
7. The President and the Vice President of Old Zealand may be impeached by the Senate through a simple majority vote, if the Supreme Court declares them guilty of any felonies.
8. The elections of the President and Vice President will be on a single ballot, with the President choosing who their Vice President will be.
Article 2
1. The Senate of Old Zealand shall be the utmost legislative authority. It shall be composed of fifteen Senators, who shall be elected in a national election every two months. One election must be held simultaneously with the election of the President and Vice President.
2. In the event that the number of senators is less than the number stated above, the Founder may act as a Senator and shall have the full rights and privileges of one.
Article 3
1. The House of Representatives of Old Zealand shall be a legislative authority subordinate to the Senate. It shall be comprised of Representatives, all nations in Old Zealand who opt in via a notice to the Founder and President. Representatives may opt out at any time through another notice to the Founder and President, and shall have their privileges revoked immediately.
2. The House of Representatives shall have the power to draft bills, which shall be approved by a simple majority vote. The bill shall then pass onto the Senate for further deliberation and voting following the same process as a Senate law.
Article
1. The Supreme Court of Old Zealand shall be the utmost legislative authority. It shall be composed of five Justices, who shall be nominated by the President and be confirmed by the Senate. The Justices shall choose among themselves a Chief Justice, who shall act as the presiding judge in court cases.
2. A trial may be held when a citizen of Old Zealand has been suspected to have committed a crime, which is to be defined as a violation of any rights under this Constitution, as well as further Senate legislation. A citizen may also sue another citizen if they feel that the person they are suing has committed a crime. In a trial, both the plaintiff and the defendant have the right to choose a lawyer, or be granted a public defender if they so wish. They also have the right to call upon evidence and witnesses to further their stance. The plaintiff, defendant, lawyers, witnesses, and judges are required by law to speak the truth and nothing but the truth, and to do so otherwise is considered perjury.
3. The defendant may be declared guilty if the Supreme Court is certain that they have committed the crime. Their punishment is defined by the crime and the legislation that declares it as a crime. The verdict shall be enforced swiftly and immediately.
Article
1. All citizens of Old Zealand have the right to keep private their personal opinions, the right to speak their political opinions freely, the right to practice whatever religion freely, the right to free speech in the press, and the right to peacefully assemble.
2. No government official may have offices in separate branches, in order to preserve the separation of power. All government officials found to have government offices in different branches should resign their positions until they comply with this law.
CONSTITUTION OF OLD ZEALAND
Preamble
We, the citizens of Old Zealand, in order to protect the rights of freedoms of all, to ensure that justice is fair for all people, and to maintain these freedoms through a government elected by the people, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the Most Serene Republic of Old Zealand.
Article 1
1. The Founder of Old Zealand shall be the utmost authority on ceremonial matters, and shall have executive discretion. However, all actions done by the Founder must be approved by the Senate through a simple majority vote, and be approved by the President.
2. The President of Old Zealand shall be the utmost executive authority, and has the right to implement laws passed by the Senate. He or she shall be elected by all citizens of Old Zealand through a national election to be held every four months, and the winner shall be chosen through a simple majority. The President has the power to appoint and dismiss Secretaries of the different Departments at will.
3. The President of Old Zealand shall be assisted by a Vice President, who shall be elected through a national election every four months, at the same time as the President. The Vice President shall temporarily take over the President's duties in case of absence of any kind, and shall immediately be appointed as Interim President if the President is to resign, be impeached, or cease to exist.
4. The President and Vice President shall have a limit of two consecutive terms of office, after which they may not run for office until after the next term.
5. The President shall, upon election, have one week to form a government through the appointment of Secretaries of the different Departments and the Supreme Court Justices. He or she may also retain the Secretaries of the previous President. If he or she fails to form a government in the allotted time, then another election shall take place.
6. The President of Old Zealand shall be the Commander in Chief of the National Guard, and all Armies of the Most Serene Republic of Old Zealand, and shall have full discretion over strategic planning and defence. The President shall have the power to make treaties with other regions, to be approved by the Senate in a simple majority vote.
7. The President and the Vice President of Old Zealand may be impeached by the Senate through a simple majority vote, if the Supreme Court declares them guilty of any felonies.
8. The elections of the President and Vice President will be on a single ballot, with the President choosing who their Vice President will be.
Article 2
1. The Senate of Old Zealand shall be the utmost legislative authority. It shall be composed of fifteen Senators, who shall be elected in a national election every two months. One election must be held simultaneously with the election of the President and Vice President.
2. In the event that the number of senators is less than the number stated above, the Founder may act as a Senator and shall have the full rights and privileges of one.
3. Senators shall have a limit of two consecutive terms of office, after which they may not run for office until after the next term.
4. The Senate of Old Zealand shall have the power to pass laws, which shall be approved by a simple majority vote. The law shall then pass onto the President, who has the discretion to veto the law. If he accepts it, then the law shall be considered official. The Senate of Old Zealand shall also have the power to amend and repeal laws, also with the approval of the President.
5. The Senate shall elect among itself through a simple majority vote a Senate President, who shall preside over all Senate meetings and keep order in discussions. Every time there is another Senate election, a Senate President shall be elected. The Senate President shall be appointed Interim President if both the President and the Vice President cannot tend to their duties or are ousted for whatever reason.
6. The Senate of Old Zealand shall have the power to create or destroy Departments through the amendment of this Constitution, which are executive branches that specialize in certain areas.
7. The Departments are: Department of State, Department of Foreign Affairs, Department of Defence, Department of the Treasury.
8. Each Department is to be headed by a Secretary, who shall be appointed or dismissed by the President as stated above. Only one Secretarial position may be held by one person at a time.
9. Departments shall have the power to create Bureaus under them, which are further specialized. Each Bureau shall be headed by a Chief Officer, who is appointed by their corresponding Secretary.
Article 3
1. The House of Representatives of Old Zealand shall be a legislative authority subordinate to the Senate. It shall be comprised of Representatives, all nations in Old Zealand who opt in via a notice to the Founder and President. Representatives may opt out at any time through another notice to the Founder and President, and shall have their privileges revoked immediately.
2. The House of Representatives shall have the power to draft bills, which shall be approved by a simple majority vote. The bill shall then pass onto the Senate for further deliberation and voting following the same process as a Senate law.
Article 4
1. The Supreme Court of Old Zealand shall be the utmost legislative authority. It shall be composed of five Justices, who shall be nominated by the President and be confirmed by the Senate. The Justices shall choose among themselves a Chief Justice, who shall act as the presiding judge in court cases.
2. A trial may be held when a citizen of Old Zealand has been suspected to have committed a crime, which is to be defined as a violation of any rights under this Constitution, as well as further Senate legislation. A citizen may also sue another citizen if they feel that the person they are suing has committed a crime. In a trial, both the plaintiff and the defendant have the right to choose a lawyer, or be granted a public defender if they so wish. They also have the right to call upon evidence and witnesses to further their stance. The plaintiff, defendant, lawyers, witnesses, and judges are required by law to speak the truth and nothing but the truth, and to do so otherwise is considered perjury.
3. The defendant may be declared guilty if the Supreme Court is certain that they have committed the crime. Their punishment is defined by the crime and the legislation that declares it as a crime. The verdict shall be enforced swiftly and immediately.
Article 5
1. All citizens of Old Zealand have the right to keep private their personal opinions, the right to speak their political opinions freely, the right to practice whatever religion freely, the right to free speech in the press, and the right to peacefully assemble.
2. No government official may have offices in separate branches, in order to preserve the separation of power. All government officials found to have government offices in different branches should resign their positions until they comply with this law.
3. Any violation or abuse of Article 4 shall be considered either a misdemeanor or a felony, depending on the severity of the transgression. The Supreme Court shall decide on the ruling.